Das Rheingold

Das Rheingold – Richard Wagner | Opera

Language: German, with surtitles in Czech and English

The monumental tetralogy Der Ring des Nibelungen ranks among the seminal works in opera history. Richard Wagner based the epic music dramas on medieval Germanic heroic legends and Norse sagas, adventure-packed fantasy tales, or, in contemporary parlance, exciting suspense thrillers. The prologue, Das Rheingold, is the shortest of the four operas forming the cycle (lasting approximately two hours 20 minutes). The story commences at the bottom of the Rhine, where the three Rhinemaidens (water nymphs) guard sacred gold. Alberich, a Nibelung dwarf, snatches the gold and has made of it a magic ring that gives its owner the power to rule the world. It thus comes as no surprise that several mythical figures crave the ring, including Wotan, the King of the Gods. When, aided by Loge, demi-god of fire, Wotan succeeds in getting hold of the ring, Alberich duly curses it. In the following extensive parts of the tetralogy (Die Walküre, Siegfried and Götterdämmerung), the curse affects the fates of three generations of gods, demi-gods and mortals alike. In musical terms, Der Ring des Nibelungen is interconnected by leitmotifs, associated with particular characters and their actions. 

Das Rheingold received its world premiere on 22 September 1869 in Munich. The Czech premiere took place on 19 December 1885 at the Estates Theatre in Prague, conducted by the 25-year-old Gustav Mahler. The whole Ring was first presented in Prague at the Neues deutsches Theater (today’s State Opera), in 1923 and 1924, conducted by the director of its opera company, Alexander Zemlinsky, and staged by the German director Franz Ludwig Hörth, with the scenery designed by the renowned Brno-born architect Emil Pirchan.

Between 2025 and 2028, productions of the complete cycle will be created in Prague by the conductor Robert Jindra, Music Director of the National Theatre Opera, and two Slovak artists who have worked with the company on several projects: the stage director Sláva Daubnerová and the set designer Boris Kudlička.

Synopsis

Prelude

Scene 1

At the bottom of the Rhine, the three Rhinemaidens, Woglinde, Wellgunde, and Floßhilde, play together. Alberich, a Nibelung dwarf, appears from a deep chasm and tries to woo them. The maidens mock his advances and he grows angry – he chases them, but they elude, tease and humiliate him. A sudden ray of sunshine pierces the depths, to reveal the Rhinegold. The maidens rejoice in the gold's gleam. Alberich asks what it is. They explain that the gold, which their father has ordered them to guard, can be made into a magic ring which gives power to rule the world, if its bearer first renounces love. The maidens think they have nothing to fear from the lustful dwarf, but Alberich, embittered by their mockery, curses love, seizes the gold and returns to his chasm, leaving them screaming in dismay.

Orchestral interlude

Scene 2

Wotan, ruler of the gods, is asleep on a mountaintop, with a magnificent castle behind him. His wife, Fricka, wakes Wotan, who salutes their new home. Fricka reminds him of his promise to the giants Fasolt and Fafner, who built the castle, that he would give them Fricka's sister Freia, the goddess of youth and beauty, as payment. Fricka is worried for her sister, but Wotan trusts that Loge, the cunning demigod of fire, will find an alternative payment.

Freia enters in a panic, followed by Fasolt and Fafner. Fasolt demands that Freia be given up. He points out that Wotan's authority is sustained by the treaties carved into his spear, including his contract with the giants, which Wotan therefore cannot violate. Donner, god of thunder, and Froh, god of sunshine, arrive to defend Freia, but Wotan cannot permit the use of force to break the agreement. Hoping that Loge will arrive with the alternative payment he has promised, Wotan tries to stall.

When Loge arrives, his initial report is discouraging: nothing is more valuable to men than love, so there is apparently no possible alternative payment besides Freia. Loge was able to find only one instance where someone willingly gave up love for something else: Alberich the Nibelung has renounced love, stolen the Rhine gold, and made a powerful magic ring out of it. A discussion of the ring and its powers ensues, and everyone finds good reasons for wanting to own it. Fafner makes a counter-offer: the giants will accept the Nibelung's treasure in payment, instead of Freia. When Wotan tries to haggle, the giants depart, taking Freia with them as hostage and threatening to keep her forever unless the gods ransom her by obtaining and giving them the Nibelung's gold by the end of the day.

Freia's golden apples had kept the gods eternally young, but in her absence they begin to age and weaken. In order to redeem Freia, Wotan resolves to travel with Loge to Alberich's subterranean kingdom to obtain the gold.

Orchestral interlude – Abstieg nach Nibelheim (Descent into Nibelheim)

Scene 3

In Nibelheim, Alberich has enslaved the rest of the Nibelung dwarves with the power of the ring. He has forced his brother Mime, a skillful smith, to create a magic helmet, the Tarnhelm. Alberich demonstrates the Tarnhelm's power by making himself invisible, the better to torment his subjects.

Wotan and Loge arrive and happen upon Mime, who tells them of the dwarves' misery under Alberich's rule. Alberich returns, driving his slaves to pile up a huge mound of gold. He boasts to the visitors about his plans to conquer the world using the power of the ring. Loge asks how he can protect himself against a thief while he sleeps. Alberich replies the Tarnhelm will hide him, by allowing him to turn invisible or change his form. Loge expresses doubt and requests a demonstration. Alberich complies by transforming himself into a giant snake; Loge acts suitably impressed, and then asks whether Alberich can also reduce his size, which would be very useful for hiding. Alberich transforms himself into a toad. Wotan and Loge seize him, tie his hands, and drag him up to the surface.

Orchestral Interlude - Aufstieg von Nibelheim (Ascent from Nibelheim)

Scene 4

Back on the mountaintop, Wotan and Loge force Alberich to exchange his wealth for his freedom. He summons the Nibelungen, who bring up the hoard of gold. He then asks for the return of the Tarnhelm, but Loge says that it is part of his ransom. Alberich still hopes he can keep the ring, but Wotan demands it, and when Alberich refuses, Wotan tears it from Alberich's hand and puts it on his own finger. Crushed by his loss, Alberich lays a curse on the ring: until it returns to him, it will inspire restless jealousy in those who own it, and murderous envy in those who do not, thus condemning all the possessors of the ring.

The gods reconvene. Fasolt and Fafner return with Freia. Fasolt, reluctant to release her, insists that the gold be piled high enough to hide her from view. Wotan is forced to relinquish the Tarnhelm, to help cover Freia completely. However, Fasolt spots a remaining crack in the gold, through which one of Freia's eyes can be seen. Loge says that there is no more gold, but Fafner, who has noticed the ring on Wotan's finger, demands that Wotan add it to the pile, to block the crack. Loge protests that the ring belongs to the Rheinmaidens, and Wotan angrily declares that he intends to keep it for his own. As the giants seize Freia and start to leave, Erda, the earth goddess, appears and warns Wotan of impending doom, urging him to give up the cursed ring. Troubled, Wotan calls the giants back and surrenders the ring. The giants release Freia and begin dividing the treasure, but they quarrel over the ring itself. Fafner clubs Fasolt to death. Wotan, horrified, realizes that Alberich's curse has terrible power.

Donner summons a thunderstorm to clear the air, after which Froh creates a rainbow bridge that stretches to the gate of the castle. Wotan leads the gods across the bridge to the castle, which he names Valhalla. Loge does not follow; he says in an aside that he is tempted to destroy the complacent gods by fire – he will think it over. Far below, the Rhinemaidens mourn the loss of their gold and condemn the gods as false and cowardly.

Program and cast

Conductor: Robert Jindra

Wotan - Adam Plachetka

Donner - Pavol Kubáň

Froh - Josef Moravec

Loge - Štefan Margita

Fricka - Tone Kummervold

Freia - Alžběta Poláčková

Erda - Rose Naggar-Tremblay

Alberich - Joachim Goltz

Mime - Jaroslav Březina

Fasolt - František Zahradníček

Fafner - Zdeněk Plech

Woglinde - Jana Sibera

Wellgunde - Michaela Zajmi

Floßhilde - Kateřina Jalovcová

Stage director: Sláva Daubnerová

Sets: Boris Kudlička; Dorota Karolczak

Costume design: Dorota Karolczak

Video design: Andreas Deinert

Light design: Lothar Baumgarte

Dramaturgy: Sebastian Huber

National Theatre Orchestra
National Theatre Opera Ballet